Peptide hormones
By Levi Clancy for Student Reader on
updated
Polypeptides are short chains of amino acids; most hormones are peptides. They are secreted by the pituitary, parathyroid, heart, stomach, liver, and kidneys.
Peptide hormones are synthesized as precursor molecules and processed by the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi where they are stored in secretory granules. When needed, the granules are dumped into the bloodstream.
Different hormones can often be made from the same precursor molecule by cleaving it with a different enzyme.
Pituitary hormones
Oxytocin
Vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH)
Melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH)
Corticotropin (adrenocorticotropin, ACTH)
Lipotropin (LPH)
Thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone,TSH)
Growth hormone (GH, or somatotropin)
Prolactin (PRL)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Hypothalamic Hormones
Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF or CRH)
Gonadotropin-releasing factor (GnRF or GnRH)
Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF
Prolactin-release inhibiting factor (PIF)
Growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF)
Somatostatin
Thyrotropin-releasing factor (TRH or TRF)
Thyroid Hormones
Calcitonin
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Digestive Hormones
Gastrin
Secretin
Cholecystokinin (CCK)
Motilin
Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
Gastrin inhibitory peptide (GIP)
Somatostain
Pancreatic Hormones
Insulin
Glucagon
Pancreatic polypeptide
Somatostatin
Peptide Hormones